Archive for July, 2009

Clubbing in Colombo?

Going out in a foreign country is always a great way to get to know local people and what ‘normal’ life means for them. But Colombo party scene is rather, well, let’s say reduced. Most areas of the town completely shut down at night and the streets are rather empty. Looking for a restaurant, let alone a bar becomes mission impossible after 8pm.

I was therefore dubious when one of my contacts invited me to join him and his friends for a night out in a club called Amuseum in the Galle Face Hotel (all the clubs are attached to hotels) and to this day, I still do not know what to make of that night.

DSC03043Amuseum would not look awkward in London or Paris. Although very small it is decorated in a modern and rather funky fashion. All the usual spirits and cocktails can be bought at the bar, most of them imported from Europe or the US. The crowd dresses in the latest fashion, with girls wearing skirts so short it would make me feel embarrassed to wear one. The music was commercial but not bad and the atmosphere chilled out but wild enough to show everyone was having a lot of fun.

Once I put aside my feeling of discomfort due to the fact that I was the only blonde and pale skinned person in the room, I started talking with a few people around me. Most of the people knew each other from high school in Colombo and were now studying all over the world. They were rich kids on holiday, careless of what their country might be going through. To be fair some of them did have an opinion on the current events happening in Sri Lanka, but none really saw their country as the place they would later come back to. And who could blame them?

Sri Lanka offers very little for a young and bright person. The job prospects are slim and the industry not very diversified. Colombo “business centre” is merely composed of two towers, which were strangely given the name of ”world trade centre”, surrounded by half-finished low buildings that would not look fancy in the Bronx of New York. And although the partygoers admitted to me that it is nice to come back for the summer and party with all their friends, there is something claustrophobic about knowing everyone in each clubs you hang out.

Sri Lanka desperately needs its educated youth to stick around and help the re-building, and later on the development, of the country. In the past decades, the brain-drain that occurred because of the conflict deprived the country of some of its brightest mind, and although it is unlikely that the Diaspora will come back, Sri Lanka cannot afford to lose another generation to the sirens of the western world. The peace settlement depends on it, as only a stable and prosperous economy will give the Muslim, Sinhalese and Tamil communities the incentive to live together and keep jealousies and grief at bay. The government will have to work hard at it, but does it has the right arguments to keep those young and free minds on the island?

IMF Agrees to Sri Lankan Loan despite Allegation of Human Rights Abuses

By Melanie Gouby

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has agreed to grant a $2.5 billion loan to Sri Lanka despite allegations of human rights abuses by government troops during the conflict against the guerilla group known as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).

 

In February, Sri Lanka urgently requested an IMF credit facility of $1.9bn to stabilize its balance of payments rapidly approaching negative numbers because of a combination of declining exports and withdrawals of foreign investments in government bonds.

However Britain and the US, with the support of other nations, asked for the application and approval process to be delayed because of human rights abuses allegations linked to the Sri Lankan army offensive in the North.

The offensive was the last stage of hard fought war against the LTTE, otherwise known as the Tamil Tigers.

It lasted 6 months during which many civilians were displaced and used as human shields by the guerilla group as it retreated.

Despite the presence of civilians, the government ordered the shelling of Tigers held areas, thus possibly killing thousands of innocent people.

Following the end of the fighting, refugees were put into camps from which international aid organizations and media have been barred, with the exception of the United Nations.

This created unease over the IMF loan among a few western nations, including Britain who abstained to vote on Tuesday.

Nonetheless the IMF agreed to grant the loan.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn, the managing director of the IMF said that “The end of the conflict provides Sri Lanka with a unique opportunity to undertake economic reform and reconstruction, which would be key to laying the basis for higher economic growth in the years ahead”.

The decision has brought criticism from human rights groups.

Human Rights Watch described it as a “reward for bad behavior” to the Sri Lankan government.

The organization had already alleged that the refugee camps of Vavuniya in the North are similar to “concentration camps” and that a “genocide” is taking place.

The IMF board, composed mainly of Western representatives, grants loans on the basis of economic and financial factors, reminded Mr. Strauss-Kahn.

Colombo, for its part, has promised to rehabilitate the refugees within six months and to negotiate rapidly a just settlement of the conflict with Tamil leaders.

Devastated by thirty years of conflict, the Tamil Tigers occupation and the recent blitz war led by government troops, the North and East regions of Sri Lanka are left with no basic infrastructures and a dying local economy.

In the first quarter of 2009, Sri Lanka’s economy grew at its slowest pace (1.5%) in six years as the global recession curbed the demand for the island’s exports, and the war engulfed a large part of the GDP.

But the end of the war may bring the necessary calm to invigorate growth. “With the war ending, an improvement in confidence will draw investment and tourism”, Shivanta Meepage, senior analyst at Acuity Stockbroker Pvt. in Colombo told Bloomberg, “The northern regions will come into play in some time”.

The government hopes to increase tourism by 20% each year and is launching a worldwide campaign to advertise the island holiday potential.

Dhammika Perera, chairman of the Board of Investment of Sri Lanka, said in a press release that “Foreign direct investments could quadruple to as much as $4 billion in three years”.

The IMF’s conditions to the loan include the reconstruction of the conflict affected areas of the country, as well as the reduction of military expenditures.

A press release published by the Sri Lankan government says that the loan will be used to help vulnerable segments of society, but “it remains to be seen”, says Susrutha Goonasekera, Social Protection specialist at the World Bank in Colombo. “The government has not looked at social protection options so far but it might be because of the lack of fiscal opportunity. We can hope the loan will change this”.

The debt contracted by Sri Lanka will amount to 81% of its GDP, less than in 2002 when it was 106%. The Central Bank estimates that by the end of 2013, it should amount for 65% of the GDP and should be completely paid off within forty years.

Human or political? The NGO dilemma

NGOs have had a controversial record in Sri Lanka. From the mishandling of the post-tsunami aid relief, to the government’s accusation that they support the LTTE, their work has not always been unanimously approved.

Fishermen In Arugam Bay

Fishermen In Arugam Bay

Talking to fishermen, farmers and businessmen on the East coast, their evaluation of the support they received from foreign NGOs is not glorious. The main source of their disappointment was the  NGOs’ incapacity, and apparent unwillingness, to understand the local society and the way it functions. For example, instead of giving boats directly to fishermen, they merely gave them away to “local leaders” hoping they would pass it on to the right people. But the “leaders” kept the boats for their own profit and sold them to the fishermen sometimes for over 100,000 rupees.DSC02949

Although during the war, NGOs were accused by the government of helping out the LTTE, one of the issues many NGOs seems to be facing now, is whether or not they should carry on helping in the refugee camps until the government has given a clear outline of its policy in the future concerning the resettlement of the refugees. 

Indeed, as a Red Cross worker told me, giving food, shelters and good living conditions to refugees could be equal to helping  the government to keep the refugees in those camps for years.

The dilemma is not shared by all. One UN worker told me that he does not care and think people should be given the best conditions of life not matter what. 

The question might seem mainly rhetoric but it is, I think, fundamental: do we, and can we, decide to leave depraved people to their fate in order to understand  a government true intentions, intentions that will affect these refugees and the future of the country for decades to come. Can we be the accomplices of their confinement? Or do we have the moral obligation to always make sure they survive in decent conditions, no matter what?

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